Description's

Torque (r x F)- Torque is a measure of a force that causes an object to rotate about an axis. Similar to linear kinematics where a force is used to make an object acceleration, torque provides a vector force that causes an object to obtain angular acceleration. Another word for torque is a moment or moment force. Using the equation τ=r*F*sinθ you can determine torque, where the units are in Newton-meters (Nm).

Force-A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. Having both magnitude and direction, a force on a object with mass causes this object to change velocity and to accelerate. In order to get the most amount of torque you must have a force pushing or pulling perpendicular to the moment arm. If you push or pull at any other angle than 90° then you will not be able to get the maximum amount of torque. If you push or pull parallel to the moment arm then torque will be equal to zero. 

Radius-The radius from the axis of rotation to where the force acts is known as the moment arm. The farther away from the object's axis of rotation a force is the more torque you will obtain. If a force is acting upon a object at an angle then you can use the extended r vector line to get the angle needed to find the torque.  

Torque (I * alpha)-In rotational motion, torque is used to produce a rotational force on a object around a central axis of rotation. This force will create an angular acceleration depending on the weight distribution of the object. The general torque equation is written as τ=I*α where I is the moment of inertia and alpha(α) is the angular acceleration. The units are in Newton-meters(Nm).

Moment Of Inertia-Moment of Inertia is a value that describes the mass distribution of an object. In other words it helps to express an object's tendency to resist angular acceleration. A key component to Moment of Inertia is that this value needs to be identified with respect to a chosen axis of rotation. Different objects will have different Moments of Inertias bases off of their axis rotation as well as their mass distribution. For objects rotating around an axis, the general Moment of Inertia equation is I=k*m*r^2. In this equation k is a constant between 0 and 1 that vary amongst difference objects and mass distributions, m is the mass and r is the radius of the object. Lastly, the units for Moment of Inertia are usually in kg*m^2.

Angular Acceleration- Angular Acceleration is the time rate of change of angular velocity. Angular Acceleration is usually denoted by alpha( α). You can solve for angular acceleration using the formula α=ΔωΔt (change in angular velocity * change in time). The units for Angular Acceleration is rad/s^2. When angular acceleration is multiplied by the moment of inertia, you can calculate the torque of the object.

Angular Velocity- Angular Velocity is how fast an object rotates or revolves around a specified point. It is usually denoted by the character omega(ω). There are different ways to solve for angular velocity, but one of the most common ways is by using the formula v (linear velocity) / r (radius). The units for angular velocity is rad/s.

Circular Motion- Circular motion is the movement of an object around the circumference of a circle or rotating around a circular path. It can either be uniform or non-uniform. Depending on the direction the object is rotating or revolving, determines where the object is moving in a positive or negative direction.

Non-Uniform- Non-Uniform circular motion is when the object follows the path at a non constant angular velocity. When it is non-uniform, the angular acceleration is either increasing or decreasing and the angle is changing at different rates.

Uniform- Uniform Circular motion is when an object follows the circular path at a constant angular velocity. Since the angular velocity is constant, the angle is also going to change at a constant rate and the angular acceleration will be 0.

Direction Convention- The direction of torque by a related right-hand rule.

If you point your thumb in the direction of the torque, your fingers will curl in the direction of rotation.

You can also find the rotation of the object by placing your fingers along the line of the radius and curling

your fingers towards the force. If you extend your thumb doing it this way, it will point in the direction

of the torque. Clockwise rotation is caused by negative torques; counterclockwise rotation by positive

torques.